Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure performed through very small incisions in the abdomen, using specialized instruments. This type of surgery is also called 'minimally invasive surgery' or 'keyhole surgery' because of the very small incisions used. Yet major procedures can now be performed using this technique. In this procedure, a pencil-thin instrument called a laparoscope is used. A laparoscope has lenses like a telescope to magnify body structures, a powerful light to illuminate them, and a miniature video camera. The camera sends a magnified image from inside the body to a video monitor, giving the surgeon a close-up view of the organs and tissues. Specialized surgical instruments can be inserted through the laparoscope, and through small incisions nearby. These instruments serve as tiny hands within the abdomen and assist the surgeon. Laparoscopy is used either to treat the problem (laparoscopic surgery) or to diagnose it (diagnostic laparoscopy). With laparoscopy, the doctor can identify diseased organs, take tissue samples for biopsy, and remove abnormal growths.
Advantages of laparoscopy surgery :
Despite small holes, there is no compromise in the field of vision. Much more of the 'insides' can be seen than is possible at an open operation. Unlike the 'mini-incision' operations, here the entire abdomen can be visualised ensuring no abnormal anatomy or pathology is missed. In the case of diagnostic laparoscopy, quick information is gained and the entire procedure can be recorded on video and further opinion can be taken from other surgeons in case of a diagnostic dilemma.
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